Abstract of Volume 15 (3) 2003

Electrostatic and hydrophobic effectors control on the sulfhydryl reactivities of hemoglobins
C. O. Aboluwoye1,2*, A. A. Moosavi-Movahedi2, A. A. Saboury2, D. Ajloo3,
J. Chamani2 and A. Marashi4
Abstract:The reactivities of the CysF9(93)b sulfhydryl group of human and bovine oxyhemoglobins with the uncharged 2, 2'-dithiobispyridine was determined as a function of pH in the absence and presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. In both the native and denatured forms, the pH dependence profiles obtained resemble simple profile of diprotic acid titration curve. The profiles were analysed based on second order rate constant and obtained the pK values. The mean value of the pK1 is 5.7 and pK2 is 8.6, the value of the pK1 is assigned to HisHC3(146)b while the value of the pK2 is assigned to CysF9(93)b. Comparison of the second-order rate constants, kapp, for the native and denatured forms of hemoglobins, shows that the kapp for the electrostatic region (in the presence of 0.3 mM SDS) is almost 2 folds higher than that of the native while the kapp for the hydrophobic region (in the presence of 0.3 mM SDS) is almost 30 fold higher than that of the native form at pH >7.2. Generally, human oxyhemoglobin A reacts faster with 2, 2'-dithiobispyridine than bovine oxyhemoglobin, these findings provide a new global view for the other hemoglobin species to be studied in the native, electrostatic and hydrophobic states.
Keywords: Electrostatic and hydrophobic effects, sulfhydryl reactivities, hemoglobins.
Abbreviations:
(1) Oxyhemoglobin A: O2HbA
(2) Bovine oxyhemoglobin: bovine O2Hb
(3) 2, 2'-dithiobispyridine: 2-DTP
(4) Sodium n-dodecyl sulphate: SDS.

A study of beach sediment characteristics and net shore drift direction nearby aquaculture project along Merchang, Terengganu coastline
ROSNAN YAACOB., KAMARUZZAMAN YUNUS., MOHD AZAM
MAT YAACOB. and NOR ANTONINA ABDULLAH
Abstract: A study of sediment characteristics and beach profiles was conducted at the Merchang, Terengganu coast. The samplings were carried out in August, October and December 2002. The selected stations were near the aquaculture project to study variability of sediment characteristics and compare than with stations that are far away from developed area. The mean size at the three stations was dominated by very coarse sand but tend to be composed of fine sand in December 2002. Sorting showed that sediment size was similar at the control station when sorting tends to be well sorted compared to the stations near the aquaculture project. Skewness was more negative from August to December especially at the control station when skewness tends to be more negative in December. Kurtosis doesn't show much variability. It was dominated by extremely leptokurtic and very leptokurtic. The average of the gradient at the control station is 6.6° that is lower compared to the first and second stations with the value of 10.9° and 7.3° respectively.
Keywords : Beach profile, Sediment Characteristics, Aquaculture Project.

The Geology and Geochemistry of Polymetallic mineralization in the South East of Anarak, Iran
Reza Shamispour1 and Mohammad Maanijou2
Abstract:Antimony deposit af Torkemany is located 36km south west of Anarak (Central Iran). Metamorphic rocks are the oldest rocks in the region. The main units of Torkemany antimony deposit are metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Carbonate rocks are predominant among sedimentany rocks and there are intensive faulting and fracturing which indicate active tectonism in the region. Distinguishing details of these phase needs more studies. Mica schist, chlorite-stilphomelane schist, chlorite-zoisite schist, mylonite, marble and quartzite are the main metamorphic rocks. Several mineralized veins have been recognized in the region. Stibnite and quartz are the main minerals of the veins. But there are also pyrite, realgar and orpiment. Concentration of ore minerals occured in the faulting contact of metamorphic and carbonate rocks, showing vein type ore deposit. The anomalies of Au, Sb, Ag, W, As and Hg is distinguished in the area. The highest correlation coefficients can be seen between W and Au which is 79 percent. There is two mineralization stages in the Torkemany deposit, at the first stage Au, W, Ag mineralization and at another stage Sb, As and Hg mineralization have been occurred. Among different elements, only Sb, As, and Hg have considerable percentages. The Torkemany ore deposit meets many criteria of epithermal deposits.

Synthesis and characterization of Mn containing AlPO4-5 and AlPO4-31 molecular sieves
N. Venkatathri* and G. P. Aswin kumar
Abstract: MnAPO-5 and MnAPO-31 molecular sieves were synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques XRD, SEM, TG/DTA, FT-IR, ESR, UV-Vis., MASNMR techniques and Ethyl benzene oxidation reaction. XRD and SEM analysis shows that the synthesized samples are pure and well crystalline. TG/DTA studies shows that the MnAlPO-31 samples loose template at higher temperatures than the manganese free molecular sieves. FT-IR shows that the framework vibrations similar to the other known aluminophosphate molecular sieves. At least three different types of Mn(II) species are detected in the samples by ESR. Tetrahedrally co-ordinated Mn were found in as-synthesized samples of both the samples by UV-Vis. However on calcination another square pyramidal species were observed. Tetrahedrally co-ordinated aluminium along with small octahedrally co-ordinated aluminium were found through 27Al MASNMR. Tetrahedrally co-ordinated phosphorous were found in both MnAPO-5 and MnAPO-31. However in MnAPO-31 two environmentally different phosphorous neighbour to Mn were also found.
Keyword: MnAPO-5; MnAPO-31; XRD; SEM; TG/DTA; FT-IR; MASNMR; ESR; UV-Vis.

Linear irreversible thermodynamics and the two- fluid Model of superfluid Helium
P. Havvayi
Abstract: We adopt the general theory of linear irreversible thermodynamics to the two-fluid model of superfluid helium. In this model He-II is considered as a system of two-components mixture, each with its own density, and to a first approximation, its own independent velocity field. In contrast to the earlier works, our model assumes that superfluid contains small amount of entropy (Ss ¹ 0), owing to the fliessbach. Hence, starting from the basic conservation relations for the two-components mixture, the entropy flux and entropy Production rate is introduced. Since, the matrix elements (Lij) appearing in the flux-force equations contain observable quantities of the system, we have explained the way of determining these coefficients. Using the experimental data's of Previous workers, we have also evaluated the numerical values of Onsager's coefficients for superfluid He-II.
Keywords : Superfluid Helium, Entropy Production Rate, Onsager;s Reciprocity Theorem, Heat of Transfer.

Lead and Cadmium in Earthworm, Allolobophora caliginosa and Soil Collected From Wadi Haniffa, Riyadh
Saudi Arabia
FAHAD A. M. AL-MISNED
Abstract :The level of lead and cadmium in samples of soil and earthworms collected from different locations near and far from heavy traffic road was determined. Five sites for sample collection were chosen at Wadi Haniffa, Riyadh City during October 2001. Concentrations of lead and cadmium in both soil and earthworms were significantly different between sites, and were distance dependent. There were significant correlations between concentrations of lead and cadmium in soil and in earthworms. Present investigation confirmes that A. caliginosa is an ideal indicator species for investigating the rate of heavy metal accumulation within terrestrial ecosystems.
Keywords: Heavy metals; Soil; Earthworm; Allolobophora caliginosa.

Novel azo dyes containing sulfonamide and 8-hydroxy quinoline moeities
B.K. Patel and J.M. Pandya
Abstract :Novel azo dyes containing sulfonamide and 8- hydroxyquinoline moieties were prepared by coupling of diazo solutions of sulfonamide derivatives with 8- hydroxyquinoline. All the dyes were characterised by elemental analysis, IR spectral studies and visible spectroscopy. All the dyes were employed to various textile fibers. The mordent dyeing of such dyes has also been adopted. It is found that resultant dyes have very good fastness properties on fibers.
Keyword : Novel Azo Dyes, Sulfonamide, 8- Hydroxy Quinoline, Textile fibers, dyeing.

Adsorption studies on the removal of phenol by using activated carbon prepared from raw Banana
A. Mary Saral
Abstract :A different method for removing recalcitrant organic material Phenol, present in the wastewater has been studied by using the activated carbon prepared from raw Banana. Effect of agitation period and dosage of the adsorbent have been studied to optimize the conditions for maximum removal of phenol. The maximum removal takes place at 60 minutes of shaking with the amount of 0.5 g. of adsorbent. The removal was found to be 95%, sorption data of Phenol in the concentration range 10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm have been correlated with Freundlich Isotherm model.
Keywords : Phenol, Activated Carbon, Raw Banana

A study of the sediment characteristics variability in the Kuala Terengganu Estuary
Rosnan Yaacob1, Noor Azhar Mohd. Shazili1, Mohd. Azam
Abstract :A study was conducted on the variability of sediment characteristics in the Kuala Terengganu estuary with the sampling period from the month July to November 1999. The analysis of the grain size and texture showed that some station had undergone changes from coarse sand sediment to fine sand sediment or vice versa. The sediment size types vary from the very coarse sand to silt. The most dominant sorting was poorly well sorted, followed by moderately sorted, not well sorted and nearly well sorted. Positive skewness was the most dominant, followed by negative and lastly the very negative skewness. As a whole, variability of sediment size occurred from the fine sand to coarse sediment based on the mean size value and texture but from statistically analysis (One - Way ANOVA), revealed that there is no variability. This indicated that the sediment mobility and variability of sediment was site specific.
Keywords : Sorting, Skewness, One - Way ANOVA, Sediment, Estuary

Water quality index of Ground water of Aurangabad city (Maharashtra)
Ahmed Zaheera, Mazhar Farooquib, Quadri S.H.a, Pathan M. Arifb, and Maqdoom Farooquia
Abstract :Water is the most indispensable and precious natural resources, expected to be free from pollutants. However, water is often polluted by various ways. In the present investigations an attempt has been made to investigation the quality of drinking water.
Ground water is one of the major source for drinking water in many parts of Aurangabad city of Maharashtra State. Therefore drinking water quality of some places in and around Aurangabad has been studied. Several parameters including TDS, alkalinity, hardness, sulphate, COD, DO, chloride etc are evaluated. Mean, standard deviations and coefficient of variance values are calculated and presented.
Assessment of drinking water quality involving Physical and chemical parameters revealed that the charactestrcs of the sample varied among themselves, considerably. The water quality index (WQI) calculated for ten parameters of these samples tested are represented in tabular form.
Regression analysis was carried out to co-relate physical parameters with chemical constituents. Co-relation coefficient and regression equations have been suggested.
Keywords : Water quality index, Regression analysis, water pollution, and physicochemical analysis.

Synthesis and characterisation of polystrontium methacrylate containing copolymer films
Suruchi* and G. C. Saxena1
Abstract :Polystrontium methacrylate containing copolymer films have been synthesized by polymerization of acrylic acid with acrylonitrile. Copolymers of AA and AN have been prepared by using Dichloro bis (p-nitro phenyl carbonyl, p-hydroxy phenyl azomethine) Iron (III) chloride(NPCHPA-Fe) as an initiator. Films were grown by dissolving copolymer in a solvent mixture of ethyl acetoacetate, dioxane and ethanol using a fixed concentration of 15% by weight of the solute. For preparing metal containing copolymer films, different concentrations of polystrontium methacrylate have also been added. FTIR, NMR, and thermo gravimetric analysis and gel permeation chromatography have characterized the synthesized copolymer films. Other properties such as electrical conductance, chemical resistance, adsorptivity and antimicrobial activity have been studied.

Modeling of TIBO Derivatives: 2D- Topological Approach
Abhilash Thakur
Abstract :QSAR studies on 20 TIBO derivatives as non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor of HIV-1 were performed using 2D-topological, physicochemical and hydrophobic parameters. The obtained results demonstrated in detailed in which topological, physicochemical and hydrophobic properties play a significant role in biological activity. The indicator parameters used shows the significance of different substitution on parent moiety. Three different models are obtained by three type of descriptor with significant results using multiple linear regression method.
Keywords : QSAR, anti HIV-1, Topological indices, Physicochemical properties and logP.

Theoretical evaluation of viscosity in binary systems
Shipra Baluja* and K.P. Vaishnani
Abstract :Viscosity of three binary systems: anisole + methanol, anisole + chloroform and anisole + dimethyl fomamide (DMF) at different compositions have been measured at 303K and compared with theoretical values calculated by using various empirical relations. Fairly good agreement between experimental and theoretical values, calculated by different theories, are observed in all the three systems: Further, an attempt has been made to study the intermolecular interactions in the three systems in terms of excess free energy of mixing, strength of interaction parameter and interaction energy. It is observed that interactions can be estimated in binary systems both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Correlative study of various harmonics of the daily variations of cosmic rays
C.M. TIWARI, D.P. TIWARI, S.P. AGRAWAL and PANKAJ K. SRIVASTAVA*
Abstract :In this analysis we have calculated the amplitudes and phases of first three harmonics of cosmic ray daily variation for using the pressure corrected hourly values of Kiel and Tokyo stations. The observational results for various harmonics have been investigated. It is observed that the amplitude of the first three harmonics are significant throughout the period of study. Our analysis indicates that the annual average amplitudes of the first three harmonics are poorly correlated with each other. Lowest amplitudes are observed during low sunspot activity period of 1995-96. Substantial increase, during declining phase of the solar activity has again been observed both for second and third harmonics of the daily variation of cosmic rays. The time of maximum i.e. diurnal phase has not been found to have any significant correlation with either second or third harmonics phase. Moreover, the diurnal amplitude and phase do show a significant correlation with sunspot activity.

Stability Constants and Antibacterial Activity of Some Complexes of N-Phenyl-p-Chlorobenzohydroxamic Acid
Gurwinder Kour and V.K. Swami
Abstract:Stability constants of Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes with N-phenyl-p-chlorobenzohydroxamic acid (HPCBHA) have been determined potentiometrically in dioxane : water mixture of four different proportions at 30 ± 1°C using Bjerrum-Calvin titration techniques as adopted by Irving and Rosotti. Antibacterial screnning of Mn (II), Fe (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Y (III), La (III), Nd (III), Sm (III), Tb (III), and Dy (III) complexes was carried out with ditch plate method.
Keywords : N-phenyl-p-chlorobenzohydroxamic acid, stability constants, solvent composition, ditch plate method.

Thermodynamic parameters and viscosity behaviour of substituted acrylo phenone and its complexes
C. C. Deshmukh, A. G. Doshi and C. M. Deshmukh*
Abstract: Viscosity measurement have been made on system 2-hydroxy-3-nitro-5-chloro-b(furyl) acrylo phenone in acetone as a solvent with Fe(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Cr(II) and Mn(II) at different temperatures. The data have been used to calculate viscosity and thermodynamic parameters such as DG*, DH* and DS*. It has been found that for ligand-metal complex viscosity decreases vith increase in temperature.

Waterhyacinth - it's utilization for mushroom cultivation
Mishra Vivek and A. Mishra*
Abstract : Mushroom richly contributes to the worlds food supply as they have the unique ability to transfer wastes into protein rich food. Eicchharnia Crass Pipes : (Water Hyacinth) an obnoxious aquatic weed can serve as a viable substrate for cultivation of oyster mushrooms. For the present study water hyacinth was collected from the lower lake of Bhopal city and taken to lab for serving as substrate for mushroom. This served dual purpose of eradication of weed as well as economic production of protein rich food. The paper explains about the yield economics, easy maintenance of oyster mushroom in detail. By this method we can make aquatic water body free from its menace.

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