Comparative analysis of L-Ascorbic acid in fruit
juices and juice beverages
AREMU, M. O. and OLONISAKIN, A.
Abstract: A titrimetric method using 2,6 - dichloro phenol - indophenol and spectrophotometric
methods using ammonium molybdate reagent for the determinations of L - Ascorbic
acid in fruit juices and fruit beverages are described. The F - test values
for the following fruit juices and fruit juice beverages; Orange 1.54, Lime
2.67, Tangerrie 5.80, Cashew 1.12, Grape 4.13, water lemon 4.92, Apple 1.44,
pineapple 4.52; and orange beverage 1.33 and Grape beverage 2.94 respectively
show that there is no significant difference in the results obtained from
the two methods conducted at 5% probability level.
Key words: L-Ascorbic acid, fruit juice, fruit juice beverages and F-test
value.
Distribution and behaviour of nitrogen in Selangor
River estuary, Malaysia
1SUHAIMI, S., 1MOHD. TAHIR, N. and
2TONG, S.L.
Abstract: Distribution and behaviour of nitrogen-based nutrient were monitored in
Selangor River estuary during the neap and spring tide surveys. The study
showed that for both surveys, the nitrogen-based nutrients behaved mostly
non-conservatively where additions of concentrations were observed in this
estuarine area. Results also revealed the significant role played by neap-spring
tidal cycles on the distribution of nitrogen-based nutrient parameter. With
the exception of nitrite, the nitrogen-based nutrient was dominated by freshwater
inputs.
Physico-Chemical Treatments and Analyses of Crankcase Oil
1A.O. Adebayo,* 2O. Osibanjo and 3A. Olonisakin
Abstract: Three methods of treatment; caustic soda/hydrogen peroxide, propanol/butanol
and hydrocarbon/butanol have been applied to treat used engine oil. Analysis
of the Physico-chemical properties were determined and compared with the freshly
formulated oil. All the treatments method has significant effects on the Physical
and chemical properties determined. Suitable additives need to be added to
meet up specification of the fresh oil. The caustic-peroxide and butanol-propanol
method shows a better result when compared with fresh oil.
Synthesis, Characterization and Glass Reinforcement of Poly
[urethane-imide]s
Jagruti C. Patela, Vadibhai G.
Patelb, S.V Patelc and Jayanti M. Darajid*
Abstract: Poly (urethane-imide)s (PUIs) were prepared by the intermolecular Diels-Alder
(DA) Reaction of Hexamethylene bis(2-furanylmethylthioethylcarbamate) (HMFTC)
with various bismaleimides. The DA reaction was carried out in 1, 4 - dioxane
as a solvent as well as in bulk, followed by aromatization of tetrahydrophthalimide
intermediates in the presence of acetic anhydride. All the polymers were characterized
by elemental analysis, IR spectral studies and thermogravimetry. The PUIs
exhibit moderate thermal stability. HMFTC and bismaleimides were polymerized
(at 145 ±10 0C) by an "in situ" DA intermolecular reaction
into moderately thermally stable PUIs glass-fibre composite (i.e. laminates)
and were characterized by their chemical resistance and mechanical properties.
Key Words : Poly(urethane-imide)s (PUIs); bismaleimides; IR spectroscopy
; TGA; Glass-fibre reinforced composites.
Some important enzymatic activities in Indian
Soybean varieties
Ashish Mandlik Sakthi Sugars Ltd. (Soya Division), Pollachi 642 103, Tamilnadu (INDIA)
Abstract: In the raw form, soybean contains many enzymes which cause different biological
and physiological responses in various species of animal viz. trypsin inhibitor,
urease, and lipoxygenase. The seeds of thirteen promising Indian Soybean varieties
were obtained from four different agro-climatic locations of central India
and analysed for urease and lipoxygenase activities. The urease activity was
greatly affected by location changes while varietal variation observed was
insignificant. The values ranged from 1.90 to 2.20 (pH difference). The variation
in lipoxygenase enzyme activity observed was more than four fold and ranged
from 0.09 to 0.42 (Unit per mg). The data reveals highly significant (p<0.01)
genetic control over the lipoxygenase activity whereas the location changes
make insignificant impact.
Synthesis, structural and magnetic studies of chelate polymers
of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) with sebacoyl bis-p-methoxy phenyl carbamide
(SBPMPC)
Y. V. Lanje, H. D. Juneja*, V. V. Ukey and A. D. Bonde
Abstract: The chelate polymers of sebacoyl bis-para methoxy phenyl carbamide with
first row transition metal ions viz. Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II)
have been synthesized. These newly synthesized chelate polymers were characterized
by elemental analyses, infrared spectra, reflectance spectra, magnetic and
thermal studies. The structure of the chelate polymers has been assigned on
the basis of spectral, magnetic and thermal studies. The water of hydration
as well as water of coordination has been ascertained on the basis of thermal
analyses.
A study of stepwise constants and stepwise real
absorptivity of cobalt (ii) complexes
Sangita Sharma*, Kinnari H. Parikh, Jayshree N. Patel, Mayur C. Shah,
Abstract: A sensitive reaction between cobalt (II) & thiocyanato ion at pH 2.2
in mixed media at 30±0.10C is investigated. ß-correction spectrophotometric
method is used for determination of the stepwise stabitity constants and stepwise
real absorptivities. The multi-coordination reaction is observed in cobalt-thiocyanato
reaction system. Results showed that ratio of cobalt (II)-thiocyanato ion
is 1:4 in acidic medium and cumulative stability constant (K) of [Co(SCN)4]2-
is equal to 18.081×1019 and their end - step real absorptivity is
Solvent extraction of Gallium with Oxygen and Nitrogen
donor ligands and physico-chemical behavior of the extractants
D. K. Mandal+*, S. Mukherjee+ and B. Bhattacharya
Abstract: A very simple and fast method for the separation of Gallium from aqueous
hydroxide media with a 7-alkyl substituted -8- hydroxy-quinoline (LIX 26)
is described. Gallium has been extracted with LIX 26 in kerosene in pH 5 to
11. The effects of pH, equilibrium time and effect of diluents on the extraction
of Gallium have been evaluated. The distribution constant and the thermodynamic
parameters like enthalpy and free energy have been evaluated.
Keywords: Gallium(III), extraction, LIX 26, thermodynamic parameters, kerosene,
n-decanol
Rotational energy levels with constant B, for diatomic
molecules at 300, 310 and 320K in microwave region
Man Singh
Abstract: Spectroscopy of rotating molecule in microwave region of
3x1010 to 3x1012
Hz (1cm to 100µm) is an elegant for structural elucidation of molecules
with permanent dipole moment e.g. HCl which is microwave active and give rise
rotational spectra. The rotating states are defined by rotational quantum
number J=0, ground and J = i (i=, 0,1, 2. . . 9) higher energy. It is reported
with EJ = n2/8p2IJ(J+1) rotarional energy levels including rotatianal energies
or transitions eJ = BJ (J+1). The J varies in a multiple of one as
DI = ±1,
its values permit significant transitions to occur so is underlined as a selection
rule.
An intense spectral lines arise from energy levels with greater population
at equilibrium NJ/ND= exp (DE/kT,
NJ and ND are number of molecules in J=0
to J=1 states) but most of the molecules due to stability occupy a lower states
with DE=EJ-ED Joule.
Study on heavy minerals of the kopili sandstones of the kopili
formation, occurring in and around sonapur, jaintia hills District, Meghalaya
Anima Gogoi and P. K. Das
Abstract: Heavy minerals from the Kopili sandstones of the Kopili Formation
occurring in and around Sonapur, Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya were studied
to determine the provenance, depositional history and maturity of the sediments.
From the study it is found that the sediments contain fair amount of heavy
minerals consisting of tourmaline, rutile, zircon, epidote, staurolite, kyanite
and opaque minerals. This assemblage of heavy minerals indicate that the sediments
were essentially derived from metamorphic provenance varying from medium to
high grade and partly from crystalline igneous rocks (granitic rocks) of the
Meghalaya Plateau. Rounded to subrounded nature of some of the grains indicate
that some of the sediments were of reworked nature. Statistical analysis of
the heavy minerals were carried out to under stand the provenance, transportation
pattern and mode of deposition of the sediments. The length frequency, breadth
frequency, elongation qutieont, and scatter diagrams of zircon and tourmaline
indicate mixing of sediments of two or more diverged sources, poor sorting
nature of the sediments and shorter transportation. The ZTR maturity index
(79.09%) shows mineralogical maturity of the sediments.
Key words : Kopili Sandstone, heavy mineral, Sonapur, Meghalaya.
Carbohydrates in Indian soybean varieties and their
association with physical characteristics of seed
Ashish Mandlik
Abstract: The samples of thirteen Indian soybean varieties were collected from four
different agro-climatic locations of Central India and analysed for crude
fibre, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars. The crude fibre
(ranged 3.45 - 5.65%), total sugars (ranged 3.7 - 7.3%) and non-reducing sugars
(ranged 1.8 - 5.8%) have statistically significant (p<0.01) influence of
location changes whereas the total sugars (p<0.01) and reducing sugars
(p<0.05) observed have significant genetic control. The statistically significant
(p<0.01) associations observed between carbohydrates and physical characteristics
of soybean seeds were - crude fibre and relative density of seed (r = - 0.43),
total sugar and 1000 seed weight (r = -0.40) and volume (r = - 0.43) and non
reducing sugar with 1000 seed weight and volume (both, r = -0.44).
Effects of overtaking disturbances on the motion of
hydrommagnetic cylindrical shock waves in a self gravitating gas
C. V. Singh and S. Kumar
Abstract: Effects of overtaking disturbances have been included in
CCW1-3 predictions for the motion of diverging cylindrical shock waves through an
ideal and rotating gas in presence of magnetic field having only constant
axial (Hz0) and azimuthal (Hq0) components. Assuming an initial density distribution
r0 = r1 exp (-lr), w here
r1 is the density at the axis of symmetry and l
is non-dimentionalising constant, the modified form of analytical expressions
for flow variables representing both the situations viz weak and strong cases
have been obtained. Their numerical estimates only at permissible shock front
locations have been computed and compared with result describing FP.
Key Words : Hydromagnetic Cylindrical shock waves r0
= pi exp (-lr), (Hz0)
constant axial magnetic field.
Ultrasonic Studies of KI in Glycerol + water solvent
at 303.15K
P.C. Mohanty, K.C. Hati, B. Nanda and P.K. Mishra
Abstract: Various acoustic parameters like isentropic compressibility (bs), intermolecular
free length (Lf) apparent molar volume (f), apparent molar compressibility
(fk) molar compressibility (w), molar sound velocity (R), acoustic impedance
(z) of KI in 10%, 20%, 30% and Glycerol + water at 303.15 K have been determined
from ultrasonic velocity (V), density (r) and relative viscosity
(hr) of the
solution. These parameters are related with the molar concentration of the
solution and reflects the distortion of the structure of the solvent (i. e, Glycerol + water) when the solute is added to it.
Synthesis and Dyeing Performance of Quinoline Based
Bisazo Acid Dyes
S.A. JOSHI and A.G.MEHTA*
Abstract: Sixteen N-(4-R-azophenyl)-4-[(3-[(2, 6-dimethyl-4-quinolinyl)
amino]-5-hydroxypbenyl] azo] benzenesulfonamide bisazo acid dyes (Va-p) were
prepared by coupling diazotised N-(4-aminophenyl)-4-[[3-(2, 6-dimethyl-4-quinolinyl)
amino] -5- hydroxyphenyl ] azo] benzenesulfonamide (IV) with various coupling
components (Ra-p). The compound (II) was prepared by the condensation of 2,
6-dimethyl-4-chloroquinoline (I) and 3-aminophenol. The compound (II) was
coupled with diazotised N-acetylamino-4'-aminophe-nylsulfonamide giving compound (III) which on hydrolysis gave compound (IV).
The compounds (Va-p) were characterised by elemental and spectral analyses
and their dyeing performance on nylon, wool and silk fabrics was assessed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Organometallic
Complexes of Iridium (I) and Ruthenium (II) With Mixed-Ligand
R. N. Pandey* and R.N. Sharma**
Abstract: Some mixed ligands phosphine complexes of Ir (I) and Ru(II) with ethylene
ethiourea have been synthesised from [Ir Cl(CO)(Pf3)2] & [Ir Cl(CS)(Pf3)2]
and [Ru HCl (CO) (Pf3)3] & [Ru HCl (CS)
(Pf3)3] using displacement reaction.
These air stable solid complexes were thoroughly investigated using various
physico- chemical methods and found to be non-electrolytic and diamagnetic
in nature. The shifting and change in intensity of all four thioamide bonds
of ligands are used as a diagnosis for metal ligand bonding. Metal-ligand
vibrations in the far infrared spectra of complexes have been thoroughly examined
and on the basis of normal co-ordinate analysis all Ir (I) & Ru (II) complexes
were found to be square planner and octahedral configuration respectively.
Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic
determination of Dorzolamide hydrochloride as Dorzolamide in Dorzolamide eve drops
T. R. Shirke* and Nandini Pai
Abstract: A simple and precise reverse phase HPLC method was developed for the estimation
of Dorzolamide in ophthalmic formulations. The method was carried out on a
Thermoquest BDS, C8 (15 cm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5) column with mobile
phase consisting of buffer monobasic potassium phosphate 9.5263 g dilute to
1 L with water in the proportions :
Buffer : Methanol (920 : 80) mixed properly and pH was adjusted to 2.0 with
orthophosphoric acid at a flow rate 1.5 ml / min. Detection was carried out
at 254 nm. The retention time of Dorzolamide was 10.9. The validation of the
proposed method was also carried out.
Key words : Dorzolamide, HPLC reverse phase liquid chromatography.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of some 4,4'-dihydroxy-benzophenone containing Bis-(2-arylimino-3-yl-thiazolidinones)
and Bis-(1-aryl-3-yl-2-thiohydantoins) derived from 4,4'- Dihydroxybenzophenone
Rutesh R. Shah*, S. P. Patel and Y. M. Mehta**
Abstract: Various benzophenone 4,4'-dioxyacetyl bis-(2-arylimino-3-yl-thiazolidinones)
(4a-h) and bis-(1-aryl-3-yl-2-thiohydantoins) (5a-h) were prepared from Benzophenone
4,4'-dioxyacetyl bis-(4-aryl-3-thiocarbamides) (3a-h) and screened for their
antifungal activity against Penicillium expansum, Nigrosporasp and Trichothesiumsp.
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of
2-amino-4-substituted phenyl-6-(8-quinolinol-5-yl) pyrimidines and metal chelates of one
of pyrimidine derivative
V.G. Patel and J. C.Patel Muni
Abstract: Various chalcone derivatives (3a-e) were prepared by well known Claisen-
Schmidt condensation reaction of 8-hydroxy-5 quinoline carboxaldehyde (1)
and different substituted acetophenones (2a-e ). The chalcones (3a-e) were
then reacted with guanidine nitrate in aqueous alkali and yielded 2-Amino-4-substituted
phenyl-6-(8-quinolinol-5-yl) pyrimidines. (4a-e). All the pyrimidine derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis, spectral studies
and antimicrobial activites. One of the pyrimidine (4b) derivative was then
treated with transition metal salts and afford metal chelates of 4b. All the
metal chelates were characterized by metal : ligand (M. L.) ratio, magnetic
moment, and reflectance spectral and also antimicrobial activities.
Degradation of o-nitro phenol in presence of
Semiconducting Oxide
J.D. JOSHI, JABALI VORA*, SANGITA SHARMA*,
CHIRAG C. PATEL* and ASHOK PATEL*
Abstract: The photocatalytic degradation of o-nitro phenol on semiconductor zinc oxide
powder was studied. The concentration of substrate, amount of semiconductor,
pH, light intensiy, sensitizers, band gap, radical quencher etc. parameters
were found to affect the kinetics of the degradation process. A probable mechanism
for the process is proposed.
Production and role of runaway electrons in The
Damavand Tokamak N. Alinejad* and M. Moslehi-Fard**
*Nuclear Fusion Research Center, AEOI, Tehran (Iran)
Abstract: The experimental observation of hard x-ray emission along with runaway electrons
in the Damavand Tokamak will be discussed. During the current evolution in
the Damavand Tokamak, three distinguished regions can be recognized in which
the hard x-ray radiation takes place. One at beginning of the current rise,
in which production and dynamics of the runaway electrons
depends on the behavior of the bulk discharge. Second, when plasma current
drops and becomes flat for moment and then goes to zero. Third, when the plasma
current is double humped shape, that is a relative decrease in the plasma
current which is followed by relative increase in it. The physical interpretation
of these phenomenons can be discussed by bulk effect, MHD activity, magnetic
turbulence, relation between secondary runaway electrons avalanche, and diffusion.
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
The evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of
Mobile Telephone usage by theoretical mechanistic biochemistry (TMB)
Dunstan a. a. akintonwa
Abstract: This study was provoked by a CNN programme. Mobile Telephone usage was evaluated
by theoretical mechanistic biochemistey (TMB) for its carcinogenic potential.
The electromagnetic radiation (EM) from the mobile telephone was found to
produce oxidised DNA (8-oxodG) and hydroxyl free radical (·OH). These
two entities are relevant to mechanism 1 of carcinogenesis of initiation and
mechanism 2 of carcinogenesis of propagation of proliferation respectively. Therefore, by TMB, the usage of Mobile Telephone may cause cancer of the
brain.
Kinetics of reduction of Ga(III) at d.m.e. in the
N-Glycylglycine
Vinita sharma and K.D. Gupta
Abstract: This communiction reports the complexation behaviour of Ga(III) with N-Glycylglycine.
The reduction was found to be irreversible and diffusion controlled in the
presence of 0.1M KCl and 0.002% triton-x- 100. The values of kinetic parameters,
transfer coefficient (an) and formal rate constant (k0f,h) of the electrode
reaction have been calculated by Koutecky’s method. The values of thermodynamic
parameters DG#, DH# and DS# have been determined at 30° C.
Synthesis of Quinoline Based Bisazo Acid Dyes and
Their Dyeing Performance on Various Fabrics
N.C. PATEL and A.G. MEHTA
Abstract: Fifteen 3-(4'-R-azo-1'-phenylazo)-4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-ones
(IIa-o) were prepared by coupling diazotised 3-(4'-amino-l’-phenylazo)-4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one (I) with various coupling components (Ra-o).
The compounds (IIa-o) were characterised by elemental and spectral analyses
and their dyeing performance on silk, wool and nylon fabrics was assessed.
Studies on Quinoline Based Monoazo Disperse Dyes
N.C. PATEL and A.G. MEHTA
Abstract: Twelve 3-arylazo-4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-ones disperse dyes [IIa-1]
were prepared by coupling 4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one [I] with various
diazo components [Ra-1]. The compounds were characterised by elemental and
spectral analyses and their dyeing performance on polyester fabric was assessed.
The compounds when applied on polyester fabric gave brown, yellow and grey
shades with poor to good light fastness, very good to excellent wash fastness
and poor to excellent exhaustion.