Porous Density Dependent Photoluminescence from Porous Silicon
R. K. Tyagi1, B. D. Tyagi2 and Pankaj Pathak3
Abstract: Porous silicon is obtained by electrochemical etching of single crystalline silicon with 48% hydrofluoric acid. In this work we calculate energy gap DE for different visible wavelengths in the white light spectrum by treating energy levels in the bands of porous silicon as Bohr levels. This emission of monochromatic visible wavelengths is related to porous density of porous silicon (p-si) material. These visible wavelengths are expected to be emitted from degenerate energy levels above band gap.
Key words : Porous Silicon (PS), Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence, Porosity, Quantum Wires.
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Synthesis of some new quinazolin-4 (3H)-ones and their biological activities
Pankaj Kumar*, Payal Singh, Jai Singh, S.M. Sharma, A.K. Mishra and Ashok Kumar**
Abstract: 5-Iodoanthranilic acid, 5-bromo anthranic acid, acetanthranils or benzoxazinones, 2-methyl-3-(p-methylphenyl)-6-iodo quinazolin-4(3H)-ones, 2-bromomethyl-3-(p-methylphenyl)-6- iodoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones, 2-hydrazino methyl-3-(p-methylphenyl)-6-iodoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones,1-[2'-methylene-3-(p-methylphenyl)-6-iodoquinazolin-4(3H)-onyl-4-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(2''-phenylindol-3''-yl)-2-pyrazolines have been prepared. Their structures have been established by elemental analysis. IR spectra, NMR spectra and mass spectra. All the compounds have been tested for their anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity, ulcerogenic activity and cyclooxygenase activity.
Key words : Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, ulcerogenic cyclooxygenase activities.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Performance analysis of cascade type solar still
*Rachel Oommen and **R. Usharani
Abstract: In the present study, a Single sloped cascade solar distillation unit with total evaporation area of 0.996 sqm was fabricated and the performance analysis has been carried out during the months of April, May, June and July in the year 2006 at solar energy laboratory of Physics Department, Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore. Temperatures of water, glass cover and step temperature were recorded at regular intervals using thermocouples. Insolation, ambient temperature, and wind velocity were also recorded on sunny as well as cloudy days The daily distillate output varies between 2000-2500ml on sunny days from 9.00AM to 4.00PM., while the solar insolation varies between 700-870 w/m2. The daily distillate output varies between 880-1900ml on cloudy days between 9.00AM to 4.00PM., while the solar insolation varies between 330-700 w/m2. The nocturnal distillate output varies between 200-500ml. The efficiency of this solar still was found to be in the range of 20-30%.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study of MHD modes of Oscillations in Solar Coronal arcades
Seema Pande, Bimal Pande and Kavita Pandey
Abstract: We have made an attempt to study magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) disturbances inside the coronal arcades by solving a pair of second-order two dimensional partial differential equations. MHD modes of oscillations of coronal arcades are investigated. It has been shown that the factors responsible for oscillatory modes give rise to the propagation of MHD waves.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Synthesis of some thiazolidinones and their Biological study
Pankaj Kumar*, Payal Singh, Jai Singh, A.K. Mishra, Ashok Kumar**
Abstract: A series of 2-Methyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloro quinazolin-4(3H)-ones (1-6), 2-bromomethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloroquinazolin-4(3H)-ones (7-12), 2-hydrazinomethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloroq- uinazolin-4(3H)-ones (13-18), 2-(2'-methylindol-3'-yl-imino) amino methyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloroquinazolin-4(3H)-ones (19-24), 2-[4'-oxo-5'-substituted-2'-(2''-methylindol-3''-yl) thiazolidin-1-yl]-aminomethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-chloroquinazolin-4(3H)-ones (25-30) have been synthesized. The structures of these compounds have been confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data such as IR, NMR and mass spectra. These compounds were also evaluated for their biological study such as anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic and analgesic activities.
Key words : Quinazolin-4(3H)-ones, Thiazolidinones, anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic and analgesic.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Spherical shock in heat radiating atmosphere
R.P. Yadav, Ratnesh Kumar and Manoj Kumar Gangwar
Abstract: Chester - Chesnell- Whitham method has been applied to study the propagation of strong spherical shock in the heat radiating atmosphere having uniform density distribution. Neglecting the effect of overtaking disturbances the analytical expressions for shock velocity, shock strength, particle velocity and pressure have been obtained using Bhowmick conditions. The results obtained here are compared with those for non-radiating heat atmosphere.
Key words : Isothermal propagation, Shock wave, Uniform density distribution.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Performance of SIC and PIC Detectors on WCDMA Using MATLAB
Rajeev Sharma*, Ms. Manisha Mittal** and Ms. Vaneeta***
Abstract: The goal of Third Generation (3G) mobile communication systems is to provide users not only with the traditional circuit switched services, but also with high speed Internet access, video conferencing and multimedia applications. Universal Mobile Telecommunication System is the 3G mobile communication system specified by European Telecommunications Standards Institute. Wideband CDMA is the physical layer of UMTS Terrestrial Access Network. WCDMA employs direct-sequence code division multiple access Technology. The main limitation of this technology is multiple access interference. MAI is thus a major factor, which limits the capacity and the performance of a DSCDMA system. The conventional detector is a bank of correlators and it follows a single-user detection strategy The drawbacks of the single-user detector are that it is interference-limited and it also suffers from the near-far problem. A better detection strategy is Multi-User Detection. MUD reduces the MAI effect by jointly using information of multiple users to better detect each user. This increases the system performance as well as system capacity. Multi-user detection techniques are essential for achieving near optimal performance in communication systems. Therefore, the addition of multi-user detection capabilities to various network elements promises to be the key for enabling significant increase in capacity needed for 3G mobile systems.

I . OBJECTIVE :

The objective of the paper is to study the effects of subtractive interference cancellation detectors namely the SIC and PIC Detectors on the performance of WCDMA uplink transmi- ssion. We have implemented the WCDMA uplink end-to-end physical layer in MATLAB and compared the performance of multi-user detection with single-user detection. Factors such as the number of simultaneous users and channel estimation are taken into consideration, for three main UMTS channels namely: Indoor ChannelA, Pedestrian Channel A and Vehicular Outdoor Channel A.

II. HELPFUL HINTS :

List of key words
UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System; ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute; WCDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access; UTRA: UMTS Terrestrial Access ; DSCDMA Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access; MAI: Multiple Access Interference.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Chemical analysis of ground water collected from different areas of Narwar block (Shivpuri, M.P.) (India)
K.P.S. Chauhan*, D.S. Kadam **and Naveen Kumar Singh*
Abstract: The quality of ground water depends on the ion, which are dissolved in ground water. The major ions which are responsible to maintain the quality of ground water are carbonate (CO32-.) and bicarbonate(HCO3-1), Chloride (Cl-1), sulphate (SO4-2), nitrate (NO3-1), phosphate (PO4-3), fluoride (F-1).
These ions are present in anionic form. The cation and anion must be equal to maintain the quality of water cation such as Ca2+, Mg2+,Na+ and K+ are also present in ground water in form of hardness and salinity. 10 water samples are collected from Narwar Block (Shivpuri District) for post mansoon
season (2004).
The ionic concentration is expressed in mg/L.
Key words:- pH, Total alkality, Total hardness, calcium hardness, Magnesium hardness Na+, K+ Cl-, SO42-, NO32-, F-, Electrical conductivity, T.D.S.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study of impact of discharge of hospital effluent on the quality of lake water at Bhopal (India)
Monika Jain, Praveen Jain*, Nidhi Jain1 and Abhay Pandey2
Abstract: Bhopal, the capital of M.P. has twenty five lakes from which upper lake, lower lake and shahpura lake are more important lakes. There are almost 115 hospitals and nursing homes in Bhopal and Many hospitals are going to be setup here, which will increase the pollution load on water bodies. The hospital effluent and sewage contribute the source of pollution in lake water. The physical and chemical parameters have been analyzed. The results show that the hospital effluent deteriorates the quality of lake water significantly. Present study reveals the effect of discharge of untreated hospital effluent into the lake.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Structural, Electrical and Magnetic studies of Pyrite and related mineral
R.K. GEDAM1 and D.K. KULKARNI2
Abstract: In the present work, the sample of the pyrite and aresenopyrite mineral were collected from Malanjkhand open pit mines of Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh and Bhimsen Kila Pahar block of Bhandara district Maharashtra State to study the structural and physical studies of the samples in Laboratory. The samples has been characterized by X-ray diffraction technique and revealed that the first sample was possesses cubic crystal structure with pyrite structure and preferred orientation along (311) plane with the space group Pa3 and point group 2/m3. The value of lattice parameter a for the pyrite sample is found to be 5.417 ºA and the second sample was possesses monocline structure with arsenopyrite along (210) plane with space group P21/c and point group 2/m. The value of lattice parameter a, b and c are found to be 5.741 ºA, 5.668 ºA and 5.770 ºA respectively. The d.c. electrical resistivity measurement have been carried out over temperature range of 300° to 800°K. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity exhibited activation energies. The magnetic susceptibility value are found to be 96.91 x 10-8m3kg-1 and 11.09 x 10-8m3kg-1 (S.I. unit). These values were compared with the standard data and showed that the samples are having cubic and monoclinic structure, semiconductor behavior and paramagnetic which become ferromagnetic after applied external field.
Key words: Electrical resistivity, pyrite, magnetic, structure mineral.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SOI Wafer Fabrication techniques: SIMOX and Smart CutTM
S.G. Modani, *Rajeev Sharma, **Parveen Singhal and ***Shrutkirti Garg
Abstract: Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers are precisely engineered multilayer semiconductor/dielectric structures that provide new functionality for advanced Si devices. It also improves prospects for extending Si devices into the nanometer region (<10 nm channel length). SOI technology possesses many advantages over bulk silicon technology such as reduction of parasitic capacitance, excellent sub-threshold slope, elimination of latch up and resistance to radiation. Hence it is preferred for high speed, high -temperature and low power microelectronic devices. An SOI microchip processing speed is often 30% faster than today's complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-based chips and power consumption is reduced 80%, which makes them suitable for mobile devices.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Experimental study of effect of aspect ratio, radius ratio and Rayleigh number on natural convection in a vertical circular cylinder embedded with porous media
D. Subramanyam1, K. Ravindranath2 and K. Mallikarjuna Rao3
Abstract: An experimental study of natural convection heat transfer in vertical annular cylinders embedded with porous medium at constant wall temperature has been undertaken. Three stainless steel (301SS) test sections of different aspect ratios were employed. Nusselt number is found to increase with increasing Radius ratio and Rayleigh number and decrease with increasing aspect ratio. Regression models were developed to predict Nusselt number in terms of aspect ratio, radius ratio and Rayleigh number.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Development of Decision Support System (DSS) using remotesensing, gis and visul basic: a model study
S.S. Asadi1, S. Sasidhar Babu2 G. Rajani3 and M. Anji Reddy4
Abstract: The Father of the Nation late Mahatma Gandhi has enunciated that, any development in the country should be centered on the development of a village. Though several developmental programs have been initiated and executed on various scales, by both Central and State Govt. agencies in Warangal district, micro level planning taking an individual Mandal as a centre has not yet been formulated with full thrust. It is therefore proposed to develop a Decision Support System.

The natural resources are considered as more efficient and appropriate for necessary survey and investigation for the assessment of the natural resources and subsequent planning and implementation of various developmental programmes. The Remote Sensing and GIS tools could be helpful in getting the precise and valuable spatial information in understanding the present scenario contemplating with the past data and predicting the future trends.

The main objective of the study is to create the Development of Decision Support System (DSS) for MARIPEDA MANDAL and to develop methods for village wise for its efficient utilization and sustainable management and socio-economic development through remote sensing and GIS, Visual Basic techniques. The thematic layers are derived from IRS-ID PAN + LISS-III merged satellite imagery and Survey of India (SOI) topomaps using visual interpretation technique. These maps are converted to digital format using AutoCAD software and further integrated using Arc/Info and Arc View GIS software for the generation of final maps.The socio-economic information collected in the field work and Census book.

This study recommends in micro level planning and in sustainable development of the mandal. using remote sensing and GIS techniques have been used with the assistance of Visual Basic, a user-friendly package having point-and-click graphical user interface (GUI). This information also useful to plan the basic minimum needs of farmers in each village, thereby improving their socio-economic conditions and helps in evolving a broad national policy which can be applied by decision makers for sustainable development of any given study area.
Key words: Natural Resources management, Remote sensing, Geographical Information System, Sustainable development, Decision Support System.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Distribution function and microscopic order parameter in the case of a nematic compound
S. Mohyeddine*, R. Somashekar and D. Revannasiddaiah
Abstract: X-ray Laue type diffraction patterns were recorded using the image plate system at different temperatures in the nematic phase of 4,4'-Dihexylazoxy- benzene. From the diffused ring, normally observed in the nematic phase and employing three different models the microscopic order parameter has been computed. The order parameter obtained from this technique have been compared with that obtained form optical method. The distribution function estimated at different temperatures in the nematic phase using Deutsch method has also been reported.
Key words: X-ray, Distribution function, Microscopic order parameter.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Exploring emerging opportunities of cold plasma in biomedical field
Vijay Nehra, Ashok Kumar*, Kiran Nehra** and H. K. Dwivedi***
Abstract: Cold plasmas have offered considerable breakthrough in diverse scientific areas and have received a great deal of attention in the last three decades. The plasma state of the matter has generated enabling technologies, which integrate the unique properties of the plasma state with processes relevant to scientific and industrial applications. Due to the remarkable feature of cold plasma, the last decade has witnessed its expansion in the biomedical science with its novel applications penetrating several areas in the world of biomedical field. In the present paper, efforts have been made to explore the emerging opportunities of cold plasma in biomedical engineering.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Analysis of soils of Golf course for chemical properties
H.P. Nagaswarupa* and T.R. Shashi Shekhar
Abstract: Soils are the natural bodies on which plants grow. In the present study various types of golf course soil samples were analyzed for various parameters. The main objective was to determine the concentration of primary nutrients
(N, P and K), secondary nutrients (Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) in the golf course soil samples. Based on the results, we found that the soils are best suited for the golf course.
Key words: Soil, Golf course, Micronutrients
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Electro-Oxidation of 2-Nitrobenzaldehyde at Different Modified Electrodes
Sadhana Sharma, Divya Wadhwa, Gopal Lal Mourya and D.K. Sharma*
Abstract: Electro-organic Synthesis of 2-nitrobenzoic acid has been carried out by the electro oxidation of 2-nitrobenzaldehyde studied at different modified electrodes i.e. ruthenium oxide (RuO2) dopped on ebonex ,iridium oxide (IrO2) dopped on ebonex and lead oxide (PbO2) under acidic conditions using galvanostatic techniques. Isolated product was characterized by T.L.C., usual laboratory qualitative tests and IR, NMR spectral analysis to be 2-nitrobenzoic acid.

Effect of different parameters like current density, temperature, depolarizer concentration and nature of anode material on yield percentage and current efficiency have been investigated. Number of electrons have also been calculated to confirm the isolated product to be 2-nitrobenzoic acid.
Key words : Electro-organic synthesis, 2-nitrobenzoic acid, galvanostatic technique.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study of electrical properties of impurity added systems using <n10> tunneling model
*Raj Kumar and S. R. Shukla
Abstract: We have studied the alkali halides doped with polar impurities theoretically with the help of generalized <n10> tunneling model with electric field applied along <100> direction. The expression for polarization and contribution to dielectric constant is obtained. The results are compared with <100> tunneling system.
Key words: Alkali halides, Tunneling Model, Polarization.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The Effect of magnetic field on the composition of blood : An experimental study
R.P. Yadav, H. Singh and P.S. Rawat*
Abstract: Magnetic field affects the physical and physiological activities of our body, hence the composition of the blood. In this paper experimental investigation are presented and analysis the composition of human blood in the presence of magnetic field. The experimental results are obtained in the presence of different magnetic field. Strength (5.46 gauss, 10.90 gauss and 21.84 gauss). It is observed that the effect of magnetic field is to change the data of blood significantly.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Common Fixed Point Theorems for a pair of semi compatible self maps in a sequentially Compact D-Metric Space
V.H. Badshah and Gopal Meena
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to obtain a common fixed point theorem for the pair of semi-compatible self maps in a sequentially compact D-metric space, one of them is continuous and by using a functional inequality.
Key words : Compatible maps, sequentially compact D-metric space, common fixed point, functional inequality.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ionic and electronic conductivity in the system Li3BO3 : xLi3PO4
Dinesh Chand Yadav, Satyendra Singh and Kanchan Gaur
Abstract: The electrical conductivity (s) and Seebeck Coefficient (S) of the solidified melt of lithium based superionic system Li3BO3 : xLi3PO4 (with x = 0,0.33, 0.50, 0.67, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) are presented in the temperature range 450 to the melting point of each solid. The ionic (si) and electronic (se) contribution towards the electrical conductivity (s) have been separated over the entire temperature range with the time dependence study of d.c. electrical conductivity (sdc). In all the studied solids superionic phase have been observed below their melting points and conductivity is purely ionic in that phase. The phase transition temperature (Tp) at which solid undergoes from normal to superionic phase has been obtained. It has been shown that these solids are mixed conductor in normal phase. The variation of both the si and se with the temperature are presented and conduction mechanism have also been discussed.
Key words : Ionic and electronic conductivity, Seebeck Coefficient activation enthalpy, superionic phase.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Pressure Dependent Studies of Thermodynamic Properties of Liquids
Aruna Singh, Kanchan Gaur* and Satyendra Singh
Abstract: Ultrasonic velocity and density data are utilized to estimate a number of important and useful thermodynamic properties of nine liquids (water, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alconol, n-butyl alcohol, eugenol, carbon tetrachloride, n-hexane & toluene) as a function of pressure at different temperatures. The calculated properties include adiabatic compressibiliy (bs), isothermal compressibility (bT), thermal expansivity (a), heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp) and at constant volume (Cv) pseudo Gruneisen parameter (G), heat capacities ratio (g), energy of vaporization (DEvap), heat of vaporization (DHvap) and molecular radii (r) satisfactory agreement for all the properties has been found.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Transport Properties of mixed solid electrolyte (1-x) Li3 PO4 : x Li3VO4
Rajesh Kumar Patel, Satyendra SingH and Kanchan Gaur
Abstract: The measurement of electrical conductivity (s) and Seebeck coefficient (S) of the studied solid of the system (1-x) Li3PO4 : x Li3 VO4 with x = 0, 0.33, 0.55, 0.67 and 1.0 have been reported from 500 K to melting point of the solid. All the studied solids show superionic phase just below their melting point. In superionic phase s value and activation energy decreases but the temperature span of superionic phase increases for the solids with the increase in x. The phase transition temperature (Tp) from normal to superionic phase decreases with decrease in x. All the solids are mixed conductors with dominant ionic conductivity below transition temperature Tp.
Key words : Electrical Transport, Electrical conductivity, Seebeck Coefficient.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Solute-Solute and Solute-Solvent Interactions of some Organic Acids in dioxane-Water Mixtures
Mhaske S.T*., Raut M.P., Thakare V.D. and Raut A.R.
Abstract: Apparent molal volume (fv) and apparent molal compressibility (fk) have been evaluated by measuring ultrasonic sound velocities and densities in 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80% dioxane-water mixture at 303K. Data obtained is utilised to explain the ion-solvent and ion-ion interaction in solution with increasing percentage of organic solvent.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A study of fluoride and some toxic/trace elements in ground water of Dabra Municipal Area (Gwalior, M.P.)
K.P.S. Chauhan1, D.S. Kadam2 and Naveen Kumar Singh1
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to find out fluoride and trace/toxic elements in ground water sources such as hand pump and borewell. 30Nos of water samples of hand pumps and bore wells were collected from different municipal area of Dabra Covering5sq.Km. area. The primary aim of this study was to find out the concentration of fluoride in the samples of drinking water. These studies revealed that all the chemical parameters of water samples are within the range recommended by ISI and WHO.
Key words : Fluoride, Iron, Copper, Managanese and Boron.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Electromagnetic Radiation from Lightening Return Stroke
Mahendra Singh
Abstract: Taking the role of interaction of return stroke ion beam forming current flow in preionized plasma channel due to stepped leader, a study on the radiated electromagnetic power in the form of ion Whistler Anomalous Doppler Shifted (ADS) mode from lightening return stroke channel is made. As a result of beam particle interaction the return stroke ion beam is retarded by the plasma wave turbulence in the stepped leader. The current thus generated does not vary linearly. Its variation can be approximated to be of the simple harmonic form. In this paper it is estimated that the only one quarter of the total energy of the return stroke is given to electromagnetic waves.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Rare earth elements analysis of Central Iran granite and related rocks by neutron activation analysis
Ghodrat Torabi
Abstract: Rare earth elements contents of 30 granitoids from Central Iran have been determind by neutron activation analysis (NAA). Intrusive alkali-granites contain aplitic dikes and enclaves. All of these three rock types are alkali-granite in petrographic study. Similar REE contents and parallel chondrite REE patterns of all samples reveals that they were all produced by a same petrogenesis.
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